Following completion of Chapter 9, students should be able to:

1. Explain the purpose and nature of instrumentation and control systems.
2. Identify, avoid, and correct safety hazards associated with instrumentation work.
3. Recognize various types of sensors and transducers.
4. Read instruments and make proper adjustments in the operation of wastewater treatment facilities.
5. Identify symptoms of measurement and control system problems.

The main purpose of this chapter is to teach operators how to read instruments, maintain instruments and controls, and determine the location and cause of instrument and control failures and take corrective action. Operators must realize that if they do not know what they are doing or are not authorized to work on instrumentation, they must request help.

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